<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rss version="2.0"><channel><title>Russian Gear Latest Topics</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/forum/61-russian-gear/</link><description>Russian Gear Latest Topics</description><language>en</language><item><title>K3 Needs CLA - Looking For European Technician</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/103393-k3-needs-cla-looking-for-european-technician/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	My K3 needs a CLA and due to costs, would like to sent it to a tech in Europe. I've messaged Du-All Camera as a plan B.
</p>

<p>
	I don't shy away from doing this myself if it appears to be a rather easy thing to do. Although I'm not experienced whatsoever.
</p>

<p>
	In that case: What kind of oil do I need and what should I look out for?
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p>
	Thanks! (and sincere apologies if this has been posted before..)
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">103393</guid><pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2025 20:59:39 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Kiev 16U & 16UE camera dismantle and re-assembly website]]></title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/98431-kiev-16u-16ue-camera-dismantle-and-re-assembly-website/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	So I was lucky enough to get hold of a few of these interesting 16mm cameras.  Built between the late 60's and mid 80's (?) they seemed quite interesting to read about.  Of the cameras I bought only one was working, very loudly and with fluctuating speeds.  Taking them apart I considered the build quality to be pretty good, easy to get to everything, seemingly basic design but well executed I think.  I immersed the clockwork gears in a sonic cleaner, which did an amazing job.  Then a light lubricate and reassembly, and I was quite surprised to hear it literally "purr"
</p>

<p>
	I added the photos and process to my website, hopefully if future film enthusiasts find such a camera they can easily find some information on it.
</p>

<p>
	<a href="https://canon-s8-repair.yolasite.com/Kiev-16U.php" rel="external nofollow">https://canon-s8-repair.yolasite.com/Kiev-16U.php</a>
</p>

<p>
	<a href="https://canon-s8-repair.yolasite.com/kiev-16ue.php" rel="external nofollow">https://canon-s8-repair.yolasite.com/kiev-16ue.php</a>
</p>

<p>
	Cheers, Gareth
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2023_05/1819160344_s-l1600(1).jpg.69ccd14d7012dffa2038a2af4958e4e9.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image"><img data-fileid="29902" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2023_05/2004445868_s-l1600(1).thumb.jpg.54d0643daa2e423699a4efe95efa80d0.jpg" data-ratio="75" width="1000" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="s-l1600 (1).jpg"></a></p>]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">98431</guid><pubDate>Thu, 04 May 2023 13:23:13 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Installing ALCS 4-speed and 10-speed crystal motors to Krasnogorsk cameras</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/104195-installing-alcs-4-speed-and-10-speed-crystal-motors-to-krasnogorsk-cameras/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Started a new forum thread about how to install my Universal Crystal Motors specifically to Krasnogorsk. The process has been tested on Krasnogorsk 3 and Krasnogorsk2 and should work similarly with Krasnogorsk 1. 
</p>

<p>
	Other people have installed my 2-speed and 10-speed motors to K3 in the past separately using their own methods. When making the 4-speed Universal Motor, I developed a universal style installation kit which makes the installation process standardized and the necessary motor holding plate and axle adapter are available as CAD files for all people who purchase a suitable motor from me. Even for those who purchase the 4-speed motor electronics without casing as I am developing a 3d-printable 4-speed motor body where those electronics could be installed and then used with the same Krasnogorsk mounting parts than the "factory made" motor units assembled by me. 
</p>

<p>
	<a class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" data-extension="core_Attachment" href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_11/20251128_144717.jpg.52db8c3ae90f9c1f86e22a31fe52efd7.jpg" data-fileid="37438" data-fileext="jpg" rel=""><img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-extension="core_Attachment" data-fileid="37438" data-ratio="100.00" width="750" alt="20251128_144717.thumb.jpg.68c8a52bccf5a3cede2f0c8ac8fc9224.jpg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_11/20251128_144717.thumb.jpg.68c8a52bccf5a3cede2f0c8ac8fc9224.jpg" /></a>
</p>

<p>
	Here is a link to the tutorial videos I made about the installation process. At least of the method I think is most practical when installing these   <a href="https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXvIUtmF3OxuiM_ycDLanahHpvIbTNyN1&amp;si=UxWQs_HibXRYwSgh" rel="external nofollow">https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXvIUtmF3OxuiM_ycDLanahHpvIbTNyN1&amp;si=UxWQs_HibXRYwSgh</a>
</p>

<p>
	I like to install the side plate to the camera using M3 screws with some screwholes tapped with M3 thread and others made oversized and using nut on the other side. One figures out the approximate plate position, drills some of the holes. Tests with motor to find exact position, locks down screws, removes motor, marks more holes, drills, then finishing the holes with threads if needed, then reattaching plate and testing again, then locking down when good placement is found. 
</p>

<p>
	The camera needs to be disassembled for installation to get to the necessary areas for drilling and to protect movement, gears and viewfinder system from damage and metal dust from drilling and cutting. A hole needs to be cut for the motor axle to the edge of the camera body outer casing. Tutorials show this process well. 
</p>

<p>
	The spacer between camera front and main body needs to be slightly modified to make cutout for the motor axle and the end of the axle adapter. There is cad files of my self designed replacement spacer with different thicknesses available which already has these cutouts added, one can 3d print a test version and fine tune it with tape to correct ffd when waiting for a metal version to be made in China or other affordable place making custom cnc machining or metal 3d printing. If the original spacer is in good condition then it is easiest to make the necessary cuts to it with Dremel or similar multitool.
</p>

<p>
	<strong>This thread is especially for questions about the installation process and for guidance if someone needs help on the process. There has been so many questions about the specifics that it is easier to post them on a public thread so that others can find the same info too and lots of time is saved.</strong>
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">104195</guid><pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 19:19:33 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>ALCS konvas 15mm rods plate</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/104056-alcs-konvas-15mm-rods-plate/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Just designed this heavy duty plate for my Konvas 1M. 
</p>

<p>
	15mm rods at correct height and centering. The multiple tripod mounting threads on optical axis rather than the one offset thread the camera originally has. 
</p>

<p>
	lots of extra 1/4" mounting holes to add heavy duty handles or a set of additional rods, or for rigging this to a car etc. 
</p>

<p>
	The plate is fastened to the camera so that the rod mount is in contact with the camera's front part, thus preventing pretty well the plate from twisting even when it is only mounted with one screw to the camera body.
</p>

<p>
	Plate is mainly meant to be sold at very good package price with my Konvas motors but it is possible to purchase these separately too if needed. Probably will include a set of basic black aluminium rods with the plate but will see if getting orders for these.
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112333.jpg.84a061d6a5b2aada217f3be6d6006cce.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="37533" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112333.thumb.jpg.377a7faca2d1774fb4d3660e5a0bcac9.jpg" data-ratio="100" width="750" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="20251216_112333.jpg"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112341.jpg.fb532163635bc6fb01a0132c52c07e2f.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="37534" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112341.thumb.jpg.41d8ada80a0955925ab837003150ce9d.jpg" data-ratio="100" width="750" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="20251216_112341.jpg"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112357.jpg.4cbb112a692a35b0a770f64fa9fd3000.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="37535" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112357.thumb.jpg.91392cd83f5f66d7d784897180d9d948.jpg" data-ratio="100" width="750" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="20251216_112357.jpg"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112402.jpg.45315e87a5a8f59ddb983d7c8bf386b2.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="37536" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112402.thumb.jpg.24cf1c9c951576917a4e5b2be6ba38ec.jpg" data-ratio="100" width="750" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="20251216_112402.jpg"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112425.jpg.3f3362c0a7bc074aa40dc351c3b3b357.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="37537" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_12/20251216_112425.thumb.jpg.ae2b9c3779402f531ae0ea0b96fdebf7.jpg" data-ratio="100" width="750" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="20251216_112425.jpg"></a></p>]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">104056</guid><pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:16:53 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>ALCS konvas 15epss stabilized speed controller</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/102798-alcs-konvas-15epss-stabilized-speed-controller/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	I am making a electronically stabilized (not crystal sync but should still be pretty good accuracy) speed controller for 15epss motors.
</p>

<p>
	It is basically a replacement for the original speed control box of these motors as it is getting hard to find the original boxes nowadays. I am making a as-simple-as-possible device with couple of speed presets and which works at 24 volts. No displays or anything fancy. The device is way smaller than the original konvas controller, I am intending using the same casing than my Eclair 16-speed and 12-speed controllers use so very compact.
</p>

<p>
	<strong>Price 450usd and should be finished in the next following months. </strong>
</p>

<p>
	It is needed to replace the motor connector with new different one and to internally connect the wires inside the motor handle differently so that the motor works at 24 volts instead of original 48 volts. This modification is simple enough to be user made but I can arrange it here too if needed.
</p>

<p>
	Let me know if wanting to order a controller like this. I have possibility to make crystal sync modification for 15epss too but they cost about a grand and most users don't need the features so wanting to see if this simple more affordable device would have use for them <span><span class="ipsEmoji">🙂</span> </span>
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">102798</guid><pubDate>Wed, 08 Jan 2025 10:42:45 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>US Based Kinor 16 Service Shop</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/104043-us-based-kinor-16-service-shop/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	
</p>

<p style="color:#353c41;font-size:13px;">
	Hey guys. Wanted to share this.
</p>

<p style="color:#353c41;font-size:13px;">
	My friend is launching a US based Kinor service business. He’s personally helped rebuild units for me. He does great work, is very professional, and knowledgeable. If you have a Kinor 16 system, he can do a lot, from CLA work to custom jobs. Reach out to him through his website now, and share it around if you can!
</p>

<p style="color:#353c41;font-size:13px;">
	 
</p>

<p style="color:#353c41;font-size:13px;">
	<a href="https://loskinop.wordpress.com/" rel="external nofollow" style="background-color:transparent;">https://loskinop.wordpress.com/</a>
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">104043</guid><pubDate>Fri, 12 Dec 2025 18:55:04 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>ALCS crystal sync 1KCP straight viewfinder Konvas</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/104012-alcs-crystal-sync-1kcp-straight-viewfinder-konvas/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	I figured out I could make adapter system to use my 4-speed Universal Crystal Motor with the old straight-viewfinder Konvas 1KCP cameras, the ones which had the hand crank and spring drive option with the large round spring motor cavity on the side of the camera. 
</p>

<p>
	The adapter is a little more complex than on my other 4-speed mounting kits so the price is a little higher, for preorder 900usd with 4-speed motor and later on 980usd if there is still stock available. 
</p>

<p>
	I need to replicate the big round mounting plate to hold the motor which is why it costs a bit more than other 4-speed mounting kits, much larger aluminium parts which are more expensive to cnc machine. 
</p>

<p>
	The standard 4-speed crystal motor rund the Konvas 1m fine with the 200ft magazines so it would work fine with the older 1KPC which has those smaller magazines too.
</p>

<p>
	If I get orders before January could start working on it in Spring2026 and hopefully shipping in April. 
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p>
	(straight finder 1KCP with the original rheostat motor)
</p>

<p>
	<img alt="37429866390_35dc33885b_b.jpg" class="ipsImage" data-ratio="130.21" height="750" width="421" src="https://live.staticflickr.com/4501/37429866390_35dc33885b_b.jpg" />
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">104012</guid><pubDate>Tue, 02 Dec 2025 09:03:40 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Kinor 16 2SR.....(Lomo 2SR, Moskinap 2SR, or Lomo CP2)</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/103521-kinor-16-2srlomo-2sr-moskinap-2sr-or-lomo-cp2/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Hello,
</p>

<p>
	So I recently purchased a full Kinor 16 2SR kit.  The general condition and whether it ran was unknown.... but it looked really interesting and odd.  The kit came with 100 and 400ft magazines, three motors, two viewfinders, and cabling.  I researched what I could, and was not surprised by how little I came across! 
</p>

<p>
	It took hours to find out what lenses it would accept, and how rare they were.  On one site, a person stated they were under the impression between 100 to 200 were made.
</p>

<p>
	During disassembly I have found many similarities with the Kinor CX series cameras.  I also learnt how much magnesium oxidises when left without maintenance!
</p>

<p>
	I have created a page on my website to detail my progress towards restoring it to running condition.  I have also relied on numerous websites for information, these are referenced at the top of the site page, as well as email exchanges with Olex, an definite compendium of knowledge.
</p>

<p>
	I also have the help of a local electrical winding business assisting me with powering up this magnesium beast.... it weighs alot...  
</p>

<p>
	<a href="https://aussiecinerepair.wordpress.com/kinor-16-2sr/" rel="external nofollow">https://aussiecinerepair.wordpress.com/kinor-16-2sr/</a>
</p>

<p>
	Here is some of the information I have placed on the site:
</p>

<p>
	<em><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#555451;font-size:16px;">This camera series were produced from the 70’s to the 90’s and were intended for professional use, either for studio or field work, news or content creation such as advertisements.  The 2SR, (2CP in Russian) was primarily designed for filming and recording sound to film, either in a studio or with a journalist. These cameras were purportedly made specifically for television studios in Russia.</span></em>
</p>

<p>
	<em><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#555451;font-size:16px;">The 2SR and 2SR-M were made by the Moskinap factory (MKBK) in Moscow. The 2SR has a three lens turret. The 2SR-M has a single mount design. The 2SR series lens mounts are apparently the same dimesions as the KMZ SP-16 and krasnogorsk-2 cameras.</span></em>
</p>

<p>
	<em><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#555451;font-size:16px;">The 2SR runs on 9 volts, has a shutter angle of 170 degrees. There are some sources that state early versions of the camera had a variable shutter. The camera features it’s motor in its hand control. The drives come in mains or battery options.</span></em>
</p>

<p>
	<em><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#555451;font-size:16px;">The camera body is made of magnesium and is quite thick to assist with sound recording, purportedly coming in at 44 decibels. The camera weight is 8kg. The 2SR-M comes in at 36 decibels and weighs 9.5kg.</span></em>
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_06/Untitled2.jpg.110ed44667651b91952096ae1b1119fb.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="36153" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_06/Untitled2.jpg.110ed44667651b91952096ae1b1119fb.jpg" data-ratio="75" width="500" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="Untitled2.jpg"></a></p>]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">103521</guid><pubDate>Sat, 14 Jun 2025 08:30:51 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>KONVAS 2M FOR SALE??</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/34565-konvas-2m-for-sale/</link><description><![CDATA[
<p>Anyone got one... there is one on eBay at the moment but its too much... I am looking for just the body and possibly some lenses.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>If anyone has one or knows someone who has, email me at danthemanporto@hotmail.com</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Thanks</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">34565</guid><pubDate>Wed, 05 Nov 2008 11:46:28 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>K3 Ultra Converted - footage question</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/103786-k3-ultra-converted-footage-question/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Hello to all the boffins in the forum.
</p>

<p>
	I have a question for my footage. As you can see on the lower left part (on top of the lower perf) there's a reflection that actually (probably) belongs to the preceding or proceeding frame (not sure which). When changing the gate and performing some mirror swapping (long story) I did remove a small black guard as I thought this would be visible on the frame Ultra16 frame.
</p>

<p>
	Is that my issue or is this some sort of pressure plate weird reflection? Maybe shutter timing? 
</p>

<p>
	Frankly it's not such a big issue as I may end up not using this part of the frame, is it remotely possible this is a development and/or scanning issue? On the other example (crop of left side on another frame) I can actually see the film code on top, wasn't that supposed to be more to the left or have I completely lost it?
</p>

<p>
	Either way that's all..
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_09/still-example-U16-K3-01.jpg.d07c0a04487c13fb1f9a0a7cc676c5ee.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="36864" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_09/still-example-U16-K3-01.jpg.d07c0a04487c13fb1f9a0a7cc676c5ee.jpg" data-ratio="51" width="700" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="still-example-U16-K3-01.jpg"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_09/pict1-exampl2.jpg.c05a945baad3aa182c7eafe899735159.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="36899" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_09/pict1-exampl2.thumb.jpg.a26538366ed4827ed0c3da9acd3dd4c1.jpg" data-ratio="275.74" width="272" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="pict1-exampl2.jpg"></a></p>]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">103786</guid><pubDate>Mon, 08 Sep 2025 20:23:50 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Anyone need a Crystal Sync motor for Kinor 16CX cameras?</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/92669-anyone-need-a-crystal-sync-motor-for-kinor-16cx-cameras/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	<em>I have one spare Kinor 16 motor which I don't need and I am building crystal sync electronics for my other motor in Autumn 2022 to use it for personal projects so I think I could easily modify the spare motor at the same time and sell it for someone who would need it. </em>
</p>

<p>
	<strong>Is there anyone here still actively shooting with Kinor 16 cameras and who would like to purchase a custom made crystal sync motor for it? </strong>
</p>

<p>
	The price of the motor + the modification work is around 650usd + shipping.
</p>

<p>
	It is a 12-speed crystal sync modification with variable non-crystal speed knob for speed ramps. Does not have a display or other advanced features (adding a display would raise the price a lot so I think it would be more practical to not include any displays to keep the motor relatively affordable). I am removing the old electronics housing from the top of the motor and installing a black aluminium box in the place of it which houses the new electronics.  The speed selector of the new motor can be either on the top of the motor or on the back or the right side of it.
</p>

<p>
	<strong>Please let me know before August 2022 if you are interested in this Kinor motor.</strong> I will need to know well beforehand modificating my own motor if anyone wants to buy this spare one so that I can modify them at the same time.
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">92669</guid><pubDate>Thu, 02 Jun 2022 18:47:48 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Dimensioned drawings/blueprints of Krasnogorsk K-3/SP-16 bayonet?</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/103329-dimensioned-drawingsblueprints-of-krasnogorsk-k-3sp-16-bayonet/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	I've been Googling a bit with my three-years-of-classes level Russian and I cannot find any blueprints or service manuals for the Krasnogorsk cameras, particularly the SP-16/Krasnogorsk bayonet mount. Does anyone know if such documents exist in the wild, particularly in digital form?
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">103329</guid><pubDate>Mon, 21 Apr 2025 14:46:44 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Light leaks Kiev-16U</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/103224-light-leaks-kiev-16u/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Hello
</p>

<p>
	I'm trying to restore a Kiev 16u.
</p>

<p>
	Most things work well for now but I can't find all lightleaks.
</p>

<p>
	I did find leaks from the hole to the pistol grip and the frame counter. After tape the quality is a lot better but not completely good.
</p>

<p>
	I have tried to tape the film door and the front front to body but it dint help.
</p>

<p>
	I have the original rubbereycup, can the problem be light from the viewfinder?
</p>

<p>
	I'm pretty sure it is not in development because my super 8 films looks good.
</p>

<p>
	Example
</p>

<div class="ipsEmbeddedVideo" contenteditable="false">
	<div>
		<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="150" title="Kive 16U test film" width="200" data-embed-src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/SqkpsFzpc6A?feature=oembed"></iframe>
	</div>
</div>

<p>
	Regards
</p>

<p>
	Fredrik
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">103224</guid><pubDate>Mon, 24 Mar 2025 19:42:06 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Identify ussr Ukrainian 16mm film</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/102945-identify-ussr-ukrainian-16mm-film/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	I found this spool of exposed 16mm film in a Kiev camera.
</p>

<p>
	No marks on spool, beginning ore end of the film.
</p>

<p>
	Can't se any rimjet.
</p>

<p>
	Anyone know what it can be?
</p>

<p>
	Would like to try to develop it.
</p>

<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_02/20250206_212803.jpg.2791a4fb583ea4eb8da2b77a8060defd.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="35047" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_02/20250206_212803.jpg.2791a4fb583ea4eb8da2b77a8060defd.jpg" data-ratio="65.76" width="739" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="20250206_212803.jpg"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_02/20250206_211610.jpg.b3af4410f52b68ba3a8b20ce2a033fb6.jpg" class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" ><img data-fileid="35048" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2025_02/20250206_211610.thumb.jpg.170b82af93755b49730409ac59a89d17.jpg" data-ratio="63" width="1000" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="20250206_211610.jpg"></a></p>]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">102945</guid><pubDate>Thu, 06 Feb 2025 21:10:41 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>AKS-4m Russian Arri 35 copy</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/75707-aks-4m-russian-arri-35-copy/</link><description><![CDATA[
<p>Today was a good day for me</p>
<p>Was looking for a long time for this AKS-4 camera.</p>
<p>The camera set has never been used and is in new condition </p>
<p> </p>
<p>It is a very nice and well made Arriflex 35 copy.</p>
<p>Can someone tell me more about? Cant find near zero</p>
<p>Infos about it on the internet </p>
<p> </p>
<p>Thanks in advance </p>
<p> </p>
<p>Stefan</p>
<p><a class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_11_2017/post-68652-0-88847000-1509824828.jpeg" data-fileid="13534" data-fileext="jpeg" rel=""><img data-fileid="13534" class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" alt="post-68652-0-88847000-1509824828_thumb.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_11_2017/post-68652-0-88847000-1509824828_thumb.jpeg"></a></p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">75707</guid><pubDate>Sat, 04 Nov 2017 19:47:56 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>PL Mount Lens/FD Question</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/102643-pl-mount-lensfd-question/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Greetings. I'm new here.
</p>

<p>
	I bought a K-3 a few years back from a Youtuber (who obtain it from Max of Russia). My intention is to get back into film mostly as a personal hobby. The camera has a Ultra 16 gate with a PL mount 'front plate' and with a 'full frame' 35mm lens. I'm hoping to find a wider angle lens preferable in a super16 form factor.
</p>

<p>
	My question is with the flange distances of PL lenses in general. Somehow my FF lens works on my camera. So with that, can any PL lens work on a PL mount cameras like my K-3?
</p>

<p>
	I'm hoping someone can clarify this for me.
</p>

<p>
	Cheers
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">102643</guid><pubDate>Tue, 03 Dec 2024 08:17:30 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Konvas 17EP-16 APK motor runs fine, but stutters while stopping</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/101936-konvas-17ep-16-apk-motor-runs-fine-but-stutters-while-stopping/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	I recently tested a Konvas crystal motor I acquired with a 1M. I do not have a connector for it, so I ran it off a 12V 4.5A power supply, using two pins in the connector. It runs well, and measured with a tachometer does not drift.
</p>

<p>
	However, when the motor is stopped, it stutters. It stops, restarts, stops, and starts again - about 2 to 4 times. Rarely, if I release the button softly, it might stop at once.
</p>

<p>
	What can be causing this? Does it need more max current capacity that requires a battery?
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">101936</guid><pubDate>Sat, 08 Jun 2024 23:38:02 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Kinor 16 CX-1M & 2M English Manual available]]></title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/88378-kinor-16-cx-1m-2m-english-manual-available/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	After stumbling across a very old version of the Kinor 16 CX-1M/2M Russian language user manual, I managed to use an online translation website to translate the manual to English.  Something I imagine has been sorely needed for a long time.  Hopefully the manual will assist in film makers feeling confident purchasing a Kinor 16mm  camera if they can learn about it's various functions.
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p>
	<strong>English translation of the Kinor 16 CX-1M/2M user manual:</strong>
</p>

<p>
	 <a href="https://www.mediafire.com/file/3sxe9trod2nrrm1/Kinor_16_CX-1M_and_2M_Manual_English_translation.pdf/file" rel="external nofollow">https://www.mediafire.com/file/3sxe9trod2nrrm1/Kinor_16_CX-1M_and_2M_Manual_English_translation.pdf/file</a>
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p>
	<strong>Russian Language version of the Kinor 16 CX-1M/2M user manual:</strong>
</p>

<p>
	<a href="https://www.mediafire.com/file/sdppuyembuh92x9/Kinor_16_CX-1M_and_2M_Russian_original.pdf/file" rel="external nofollow">https://www.mediafire.com/file/sdppuyembuh92x9/Kinor_16_CX-1M_and_2M_Russian_original.pdf/file</a>
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p>
	In the next week or so I will be adding a modern user manual with more pictures and information that is not covered in the original manual.
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>

<p>
	Cheers, Gareth
</p>]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">88378</guid><pubDate>Sat, 12 Jun 2021 01:43:15 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Help! Super 16 conversion problem</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/100185-help-super-16-conversion-problem/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Hey I converted my K3 to super 16 and I think I put it back together slightly wrong. The scan came back jumping all over the place and there is some light leaking in on the side. Does anyone know what could cause this or how I could fix it?
</p>

<div class="ipsEmbeddedVideo">
	<div>
		<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="113" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/VvdgvNEDRoA?feature=oembed" title="K3 Super 16 conversion test" width="200"></iframe>
	</div>
</div>

<p>
	 
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">100185</guid><pubDate>Wed, 23 Aug 2023 18:06:56 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Best K-3 lenses?</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/93375-best-k-3-lenses/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	I just bought a K-3 with the m42 mount and I was wondering if there were any lenses I should consider. I've noticed the variety of lenses available on ebay is slim and you can't get an adapted to use any other lenses.
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">93375</guid><pubDate>Wed, 29 Jun 2022 01:48:38 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>So many quality Russian kits for sale...</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/78809-so-many-quality-russian-kits-for-sale/</link><description><![CDATA[
<p>Here is a great example of quality 16mm gear going cheap, if postage was not such a killer to Oz, I would buy it myself!</p>
<p><a href="https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/16mm-Soviet-movie-camera-SP-16-magazine-Konvas-Kinor-Arriflex-Eyemo-AKS-AKC-CP/192738101731?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649" rel="external nofollow">https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/16mm-Soviet-movie-camera-SP-16-magazine-Konvas-Kinor-Arriflex-Eyemo-AKS-AKC-CP/192738101731?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649</a></p>
<p> </p>
<p><a href="https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/KMZ-Kinor-16-SP-Soviet-Russian-1961-Professional-16mm-Cine-camera/183615491213?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649" rel="external nofollow">https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/KMZ-Kinor-16-SP-Soviet-Russian-1961-Professional-16mm-Cine-camera/183615491213?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649</a></p>
<p> </p>
<p><a href="https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/Movie-camera-Konvas-KSR-2M-with-Crystal-Synchro-motor-17EP-16APK-Mattebox-5-Mags/323397686825?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649" rel="external nofollow">https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/Movie-camera-Konvas-KSR-2M-with-Crystal-Synchro-motor-17EP-16APK-Mattebox-5-Mags/323397686825?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649</a></p>
<p> </p>
<p>For those that want to try 35mm!</p>
<p><a href="https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/KONVAS-1KCP-movie-film-camera-w-25M-8M-motor-28mm-50mm-135mm-lens-woody-box-grip/312149938239?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649" rel="external nofollow">https://www.ebay.com.au/itm/KONVAS-1KCP-movie-film-camera-w-25M-8M-motor-28mm-50mm-135mm-lens-woody-box-grip/312149938239?ssPageName=STRK%3AMEBIDX%3AIT&amp;_trksid=p2060353.m1438.l2649</a></p>
<p> </p>
<p>There are some seriously nice kits coming up very cheap, and although most have unique lens mounts, lenses for these cameras are very cheap considering the alternatives.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>All it takes for the adventurous film maker is a daring heart, a touch of confidence, and thanks to Google translate, an English user manual!</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">78809</guid><pubDate>Mon, 14 Jan 2019 02:21:40 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Eye relief on K2/K3</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/101902-eye-relief-on-k2k3/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	Has anyone come up with a solution for the terrible eye relief/eye point on the Krasnogorsk cameras? It's completely unusable with glasses, but even with my glasses off and the eyecup crammed into my eye socket I can't reliably see the whole frame.<br />
	<br />
	This weekend I'm going to try turning down the eyepiece flange and widening the aperture as much as I can on the lathe, since it seems to be at least partially a mechanical vignetting problem, but I don't yet know how much meat I'll be able to take out.<br />
	<br />
	 
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">101902</guid><pubDate>Tue, 04 Jun 2024 18:32:03 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Renaming the "Russian Gear" topic</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/95508-renaming-the-russian-gear-topic/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	for the current Russian Federation already having a somewhat worse reputation than the former Soviet Union, and all the cameras labelled "Russian" here being clearly manufactured during the Soviet era and not in the actual Russian Federation,
</p>

<p>
	<strong>it would maybe be sensible to permanently rename this forum section to "Soviet Gear". </strong>
</p>

<p>
	<em>I think it would both honor the heritage of the cameras better and would clearly distinguish them from the modern Putin country which has nothing to do with these cameras anyway except the language on the manuals and labels. </em>
</p>

<p>
	<strong><span style="font-size:18px;">So what do you think, naming this forum section to "Soviet Gear" to better indicate the heritage and origin of these interesting cameras?  <span class="ipsEmoji">?</span> </span></strong>
</p>

<p>
	 
</p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">95508</guid><pubDate>Fri, 30 Sep 2022 22:24:44 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Kiev 16U - How to service, clean and lubricate stiff lenses</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/101306-kiev-16u-how-to-service-clean-and-lubricate-stiff-lenses/</link><description><![CDATA[<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<font>So here is an illustrated guide for the maintenance and cleaning of the Kiev 16 lenses. I'll just do this with the example of the 12mm lens. The other two lenses are very similar, and if you can do the smallest lens, you probably can do the other two as well.</font>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	With all 3 lenses, the focus was extremely stiff and could only be moved with some effort. Since the lenses are relatively small and are quite close together on the turret, you only have the chance to turn the focus with your thumb and index finger while shooting. The aim of the overhaul was to make it possible to move the focus again without effort.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	First of all: since I didn't know at all how the lenses are built and how to get to the focus gear, I took apart everything that was possible. Also the lens elements.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	In retrospect, this was not necessary at all, you can get to the focus without taking the glass apart. In case someone needs/wants to clean the lenses from the inside, I'll mention the steps anyway. If you don't necessarily have to get to the glass elements, I would advise to skip this step. The lenses are very simple and you can get them together again without any problems, but it took me an extra hour to get it dust-free...
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	Here we go:
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<font>1. Before you pick up a screwdriver, you should first mark all the important positions on the lens, so that you can get everything back together properly. To do this, I set the focus to infinity and the aperture to 2. These are the respective end stops. Then mark this position on the brass above the thread with a permanent marker (yellow arrow), so that in the end all elements are exactly as they were before disassemby.</font>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31757" data-ratio="75.00" width="800" alt="image.jpeg.30131230c25b877a4e4e10ab4a42a8c6.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.30131230c25b877a4e4e10ab4a42a8c6.jpeg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	2. Loosen the tiny screws from the focus and aperture ring. You don't have to unscrew it completely, just a few turns. This minimizes the risk of losing the tiny screws. Carefully pull the focus and aperture ring from the barrel and immediately mark the position of all rings again. In this case, I scratched a thin scratch into the paintwork (red arrows) because I was worried about removing permanent marker when cleaning.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<font>Be careful with the ball under the aperture ring so that it doesn't say goodbye (unless you want to "de-click" your aperture anyway). It is best to remove it with a magnetic screwdriver and clean the hole (yellow arrow). Then loosen the 3 screws slightly on the ring that was under the fucus ring (the last one before the thread, with the white line on it) and pull the ring backwards.</font>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31756" data-ratio="133.45" width="562" alt="Kiev16-2.jpg.b7379e4deae60c6d0b285d5bc6ef6196.jpg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/Kiev16-2.jpg.b7379e4deae60c6d0b285d5bc6ef6196.jpg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	[3. Optional: Remove lenses / can be skipped]
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<font><font>Mark the position of the rear lens. I used the two screws as a marking. Loosen the rear screw, remove the ring and remove the two lenses. Be careful not to mess up the order of the lenses during disassembly.</font></font>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31755" data-ratio="133.45" width="562" alt="image.jpeg.63db79c997e89976f8627c69f724f79d.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.63db79c997e89976f8627c69f724f79d.jpeg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	 
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	Before removing the front lenses, be sure to mark the position of the retaining ring on the housing (red arrows) with a little scratch. The retaining ring holds all three lenses together in the front part and has to sit in exactly the same place again at the end!
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<font>The lenses have very little play in the tube and tilt slightly when reinserted, so that when screwing on and tightening the retaining ring, you might think that everything is sitting correctly again, even though you are only pressing the ring against a tilted lens element. The marking helps to see whether all lenses are really in the right place again.</font>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<a class="ipsAttachLink ipsAttachLink_image" href="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.50e912d5014cfa972aeb68462d91a1a5.jpeg" data-fileid="31758" data-fileext="jpeg" rel=""><img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31758" data-ratio="133.45" width="562" alt="image.thumb.jpeg.b4208338ce095c929950252645d7c2ca.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.thumb.jpeg.b4208338ce095c929950252645d7c2ca.jpeg" /></a>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	 
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	Loosen the retaining ring (be careful not to slip off...) and carefully tilt the lens forward so that the lens elements slowly slide out. All glass elements are encased in brass sleeves. Actually, not much can<span> </span>happen...) Again: remember the order.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	4. Now remove the last black throw ring. It is only secured with a small screw, but the ring is secured with 50-year-old, hard grease. In short, getting the thing down was an act and was only possible with the use of cleaning spirit and gentle force. If you are looking at the lens from behind, the ring must be unscrewed COUNTERCLOCKWISE.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<font>5. When focusing, only the position of the two rear lenses changes. The rear tube moves in and out minimally. The position of the tube is fixed with a small screw, which runs in a guide slot. I have marked the position of this guide slot and the position that the tube has at infinity position.</font>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31761" data-ratio="133.45" width="562" alt="image.jpeg.41e22ace5ae00b87e89e222041c3d94d.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.41e22ace5ae00b87e89e222041c3d94d.jpeg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	 
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">6. When you have disassembled the throw ring from point 4 and you take out this little screw, you can remove the rear brass tube.</span>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31767" data-ratio="75.00" width="500" alt="image.jpeg.56839332eea1c7e180df3bc015316217.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.56839332eea1c7e180df3bc015316217.jpeg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	 
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">7. All that's left now is to unscrew the small screw that blocks the Focus's end stop (yellow arrow). Then you can unscrew the last brass ring and wonder how hard grease can get...</span>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31763" data-ratio="133.45" width="562" alt="image.jpeg.50063d99baa2bc62e7ec22a2cbc76d17.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.50063d99baa2bc62e7ec22a2cbc76d17.jpeg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31764" data-ratio="133.50" width="400" alt="image.jpeg.eb0919239edd1a40081f9d87a42eb503.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.eb0919239edd1a40081f9d87a42eb503.jpeg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">I scraped off the c</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">rust with a plastic spatula, and then cleaned, degreased and regreased all parts</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">, both the threads and the inner running surfaces o</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">f the brass tu</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">be.</span>
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31765" data-ratio="133.50" width="400" alt="image.jpeg.718f262de55ffe91aeb85f83bad06433.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.718f262de55ffe91aeb85f83bad06433.jpeg" /></p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	8. Assemble in reverse order. All the markings I made gave me the assurance that everything would fit as intended.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	When tightening the<span> </span>screws, it is important that you do not tighten them one after the other, but only a few turns all around, i.e. screw 1 a little, then screw 2 a little and also the 3.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	Then again screw 1 a little, etc.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	If you don't pay attention to this, the rings will sit crooked and or wobble.
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	Finished:
</p>

<p style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#353c41;font-size:14px;">
	<img class="ipsImage ipsImage_thumbnailed" data-fileid="31766" data-ratio="75.00" width="600" alt="image.jpeg.b6a4ee2b3e8b7eab1006a7aa2cba4134.jpeg" src="https://cinematography.com/uploads/monthly_2024_01/image.jpeg.b6a4ee2b3e8b7eab1006a7aa2cba4134.jpeg" /></p>
]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">101306</guid><pubDate>Wed, 31 Jan 2024 11:58:44 +0000</pubDate></item><item><title>Kiev Alpha Use</title><link>https://cinematography.com/index.php?/forums/topic/83963-kiev-alpha-use/</link><description><![CDATA[<p>
	I bought a Kiev Alpha and managed to use it before the lockdown. I exposed 50ft of Tri x at 100 ASA and from the results I think that 150 ASA would have been better. The question is - if I removed the pelicule from behind the lens I presume I would be able to expose film at its full speed, but would the camera effectively have no viewfinder
</p>]]></description><guid isPermaLink="false">83963</guid><pubDate>Wed, 03 Jun 2020 13:19:10 +0000</pubDate></item></channel></rss>
