As mentioned above, it is most important to start with motivation. There aren't rules, but there are general "cause and effect" relationships to become familiar with. For example, shaky hand held like movement can bring attention to the fact there is an operator. So, if you want the audience to feel this way, then use it for your shot. If you're shooting a football scene, intended to match the feeling of an NFL game, telephoto lenses are commonly used. Because this is how they are covered, therefore watched, by the general public. Having stedi-cam shots right on the field, beside the QB is something not possible in life, so the scene becomes more cinematic, or manufactured. Simple things like that are often discussed in books, if that's how you're looking to study, but it is also an observation thing. Take a look at "Tell Them Who You Are", the doc on Haskell Wexler, ASC. He is very good at defending or explaining the motivation of his camera work. Also, just keep watching films from different genres and eras. "Who's Afraid of Virginia Wolf" is brilliant, as is "The Conversation".